Cisco静态路由实验:

-----------------------------------------------

实验拓朴如下:

R1 F0/0 <----> VPCS V0/1 
R1 S1/0 <----> R2 S0/0 
R2 S0/1 <----> R3 S1/0 
R3 F0/0 <----> VPCS V0/2

-----------------------------------------------

通过配置静态路由，确保能从VPCS1 Ping通VPCS2

Router1配置如下:

R1#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1267 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$0Z5T$h011csxL/HhGdQYg27p3w.
enable password 7 00071A150754
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
memory-size iomem 5
!
!
ip cef    
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! 
!
!
!
!         
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/2
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/3
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0
ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!         
!
!
banner motd ^C Welcome to connect to Router1 ^C
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 121A0C041104
 logging synchronous
 login
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 1511021F0725
 login
!
!
end

R1#

Router2配置如下:

R2#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1225 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$mXR4$OAO5nV5rPKbE5jFa4lby90
enable password 7 01100F175804
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
memory-size iomem 5
!
!
ip cef    
!         
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! 
!
!
!
!
interface Serial0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
 clock rate 64000
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial0/1
 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
 clock rate 64000
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial0/2
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial0/3
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!         
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial0/0
ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 Serial0/1
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
banner motd ^C Welcome to connect to Router2 ^C
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 01100F175804
 logging synchronous
 login
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 030752180500
 login
!
!
end

R2#

Router3配置如下:

R3#
R3#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1267 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$OO0i$143OCvGvDka4w2md0TM3J.
enable password 7 104D000A0618
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
memory-size iomem 5
!
!
ip cef    
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! 
!
!
!
!         
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/2
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
interface Serial1/3
 no ip address
 shutdown
 serial restart-delay 0
 no dce-terminal-timing-enable
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0
ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 Serial1/0
!
!
!
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!         
!
!
banner motd ^C Welcome to connect to Router3 ^C
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 02050D480809
 logging synchronous
 login
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 00071A150754
 login
!
!
end

R3#

VPCS１和VPCS2配置如下:

NAME   IP/CIDR              GATEWAY           LPORT   RPORT
PC1    192.168.1.2/24       192.168.1.1       10001   11100
PC2    192.168.2.2/24       192.168.2.1       10002   11300

VPCS 1 >ping 192.168.2.2
192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=1 time=25.000 ms
192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=2 time=82.000 ms
192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=3 time=43.000 ms
192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=4 time=41.000 ms
192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=5 time=13.000 ms

VPCS 1 >2
VPCS 2 >ping 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.2 icmp_seq=1 time=63.000 ms
192.168.1.2 icmp_seq=2 time=58.000 ms
192.168.1.2 icmp_seq=3 time=44.000 ms
192.168.1.2 icmp_seq=4 time=78.000 ms
192.168.1.2 icmp_seq=5 time=47.000 ms

----------------------------------------------------------------
========================================
======================================== 

静态路由汇总：

在R3上添加Loopback

R3#show ip interface brief
Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
FastEthernet0/0            192.168.2.1     YES manual up                    up      
Serial1/0                  192.168.30.2    YES manual up                    up      
Serial1/1                  unassigned      YES NVRAM  administratively down down    
Serial1/2                  unassigned      YES NVRAM  administratively down down    
Serial1/3                  unassigned      YES NVRAM  administratively down down    
Loopback0                  30.30.1.1       YES manual up                    up      
Loopback1                  30.30.2.1       YES manual up                    up      
Loopback2                  30.30.3.1       YES manual up                    up      
R3#

在R1和R2配置静态路由:

R1(config)#ip route 30.30.0.0 255.255.0.0 s1/0

R2(config)#ip route 30.30.0.0 255.255.0.0 s0/1

R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
S    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
S    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1
     30.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S       30.30.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1
R2#

 #####################

Cisco静态浮动路由

ip route xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx metric或者ip route xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx interface-name metric命令用来设定静态浮动路由。

静态路由默认的Metric值为1，Metric值越小越优先。 

网络拓朴如下：

R1 F0/0 <----> R2 F0/0 
R1 F1/0 <----> R2 F1/0

R1与R2通过两条Ethernet连接，当一条链路down,另一条链路会自动启动。

-----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------- 

Router1配置如下:

R1#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1002 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
ser
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$uUg4$bl.lLeNvXggFU6NNniuv30
enable password 7 121A0C041104
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
memory-size iomem 5
!
!
ip cef    
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! 
!
!
!
!         
interface Loopback0
 ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 50
!
!
!
!
!
!         
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
banner motd ^C Welcome to connect to Router1 ^C
!
line con 0





 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 045802150C2E
 logging synchronous
 login
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 094F471A1A0A
 login
!         
!
end

R1#

Router2配置如下:

R2#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1005 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 5 $1$cLVF$eo1uPrkF5Lz1KIUaH1qT71
enable password 7 13061E010803
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
memory-size iomem 5
!
!
ip cef    
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
! 
!
!
!
!         
interface Loopback0
 ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
 shutdown
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1 50
!
!
!
!
!         
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
banner motd ^CWelcome to connect to R2^C
!
line con 0
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 030752180500
 logging synchronous
 login
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 0 0
 password 7 14141B180F0B
 login    
!
!
end

R2#

---------------------------------------------

验证:

R1#ping 192.168.4.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.4.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/40/100 ms
R1#

R2#ping 192.168.3.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/68 ms
R2#

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
R1#

R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
R2#

用tracerout命令跟踪数据包.

R1#tracerout 192.168.4.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.4.1

  1 192.168.1.2 24 msec 40 msec * 

R1#
  

R2#tracerout 192.168.3.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.3.1

  1  * 
    192.168.1.1 48 msec 48 msec
R2#

-----------------------------------

当fa0/0链路当掉后

 R1(config)#interface fa0/0
R1(config-if)#shutdown
R1(config-if)#
 

R1#show ip interface brief

Interface                  IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0            192.168.1.1     YES manual administratively down down    

FastEthernet1/0            192.168.2.1     YES manual up                    up      

Loopback0                  192.168.3.1     YES manual up                    up      
 
R2也必须将FA0/0端口“当掉“，否则R2无法PING通R1的回环网卡Loopback0. 

R2(config)#interface fa0/0
R2(config-if)#shutdown

查看路由表: 发现另一条静态路已开启。

R1#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.4.0/24 [50/0] via 192.168.2.2
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C r   192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
R1#

R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S    192.168.3.0/24 [50/0] via 192.168.2.1
R2#

跟踪数据包：

R2#tracerout 192.168.3.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.3.1

  1 192.168.2.1 48 msec 52 msec * 
R2#

R1#tracerout 192.168.4.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.4.1

  1 192.168.2.2 48 msec 80 msec * 
R1#

-----------------------------------------------------

当fa0/0链路恢复以后:

R1(config)#interfac fa0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config)#interface fa0/0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

查看路由表:

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
R1#

R2(config-if)#end
R2#show i
*Mar  1 00:37:28.691: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
R2#

 跟踪数据包:

R1#tracerout 192.168.4.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.4.1

  1 192.168.1.2 60 msec 48 msec * 

R1#
  

R2#tracerout 192.168.3.1

Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 192.168.3.1

  1  * 
    192.168.1.1 48 msec 48 msec
R2#

 
============================================
将下一跳的地址配置为本地路由器上的接口。
R1配置如下.

interface Loopback0

 ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

 shutdown

 duplex auto

 speed auto

!

interface FastEthernet1/0

 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

 duplex auto

 speed auto

!

ip http server

no ip http secure-server

ip classless

ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 FastEthernet0/0

ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 FastEthernet1/0 50
  

R2配置如下.

interface Loopback0

 ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0

 shutdown

 duplex auto

 speed auto

!

interface FastEthernet1/0

 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

 duplex auto

 speed auto

!

ip http server

no ip http secure-server

ip classless

ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 FastEthernet0/0

ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 FastEthernet1/0 50

========================================================
========================================================
杂项

在R1上telnet R2

R1#telnet 192.168.4.1

Trying 192.168.4.1 ... Open

 Welcome to connect to Router2!

User Access Verification

Password: 

R2>

R2>show line

   Tty Typ     Tx/Rx    A Modem  Roty AccO AccI   Uses   Noise  Overruns   Int

*    0 CTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       1     0/0       -

   129 AUX   9600/9600  -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

*  130 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      4       0     0/0       -

   131 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   132 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   133 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   134 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

Line(s) not in async mode -or- with no hardware support: 

1-128

R2> 
在R2上踢除R1上的Telnet连接.

R2#show line

   Tty Typ     Tx/Rx    A Modem  Roty AccO AccI   Uses   Noise  Overruns   Int

*    0 CTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       1     0/0       -

   129 AUX   9600/9600  -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

*  130 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      5       0     0/0       -

   131 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   132 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   133 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   134 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

Line(s) not in async mode -or- with no hardware support: 

1-128

R2#clear line vty 0

[confirm]

 [OK]

R2#show line

   Tty Typ     Tx/Rx    A Modem  Roty AccO AccI   Uses   Noise  Overruns   Int

*    0 CTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       1     0/0       -

   129 AUX   9600/9600  -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   130 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      5       0     0/0       -

   131 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   132 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   133 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

   134 VTY              -    -      -    -    -      0       0     0/0       -

Line(s) not in async mode -or- with no hardware support: 

1-128

R2# 

###############

拓朴如下图所示: